Metric Tools
A plain-language encyclopedia of hand tools. What each tool is, what it is for, common sizes, and how to choose the right one.
All hand tools
Tools, grouped by what they do. Tap any tool for a plain-language page: what it is, what it is for, sizes, and how to choose.
Combination Wrench
A two-ended open wrench with a box end to break fasteners loose and an open end to finish. Sized to the fastener.
Adjustable Wrench
A single wrench with a jaw that adjusts to many fastener sizes, so you do not need a full set.
Pipe Wrench
A heavy toothed wrench that grips round pipe without slipping while you turn a fitting.
Socket Wrench (Ratchet)
The ratcheting wrench you reuse without lifting, with detachable sockets to fit every fastener.
Needle-Nose Pliers
Long, thin-jaw pliers for reaching and gripping, twisting, or cutting in tight spaces.
Slip-Joint (Adjustable) Pliers
The everyday adjustable pliers with a notched jaw, built to grip just about anything.
Open-End Wrench
A fixed wrench with two open ends, each sized to a fastener head for quick, low-profile turning.
Box-End Wrench
A wrench with closed, ring-shaped ends that grip a fastener on every side, ideal for stubborn bolts.
Combination Pliers
The all-purpose pliers with parallel jaws, a pivoting joint, and built-in wire cutter.
Diagonal Cutting Pliers
Sharp, angled cutting pliers for trimming wire and pins close to a surface, also called dikes.
Crimping Tool
A plier-style tool that presses metal connectors onto wire ends to make secure electrical or mechanical joins.
Vise-Grip Pliers
Adjustable-jaw pliers that lock shut with pliers-style handles, holding work securely hands-free.
Claw Hammer
The standard hammer with a face for driving nails and a claw for pulling them back out.
Ball-Peen Hammer
A machinist hammer with a flat face and a rounded peen, used to shape and set metal.
Rubber Mallet
A soft-faced mallet for applying force without marring or denting surfaces.
Dead-Blow Mallet
A weighted, rubber-faced mallet whose shot-filled head absorbs rebound for controlled, powerful blows.
Cold Chisel
A hardened steel chisel for cutting and shaping metal, driven by a hammer.
Sledgehammer
A heavy, long-handled hammer for high-force blows in demolition and driving.
Wooden Mallet
A wood-headed mallet for woodworking that drives chisels and joints without damaging tools or work.
Hacksaw
A fine-toothed frame saw for cutting metal, plastic, and thin material with replaceable blades.
Tin Snips
Heavy-duty shears for cutting sheet metal and ductwork with long lever handles.
Hand Saw
The classic crosscut and rip saw for cutting wood by hand with a stiff, toothed blade.
Utility Knife
A retractable-blade knife for cutting sheet material, drywall, and packing โ a shop original.
Wood Chisel
A beveled steel blade with handle for paring, mortising, and shaping wood.
Screwdriver
A handle and hardened tip for driving screws, available in flat, Phillips, and specialty heads.
Bench Vise
A fixed jaw clamp bolted to a workbench that holds work firmly for sawing, filing, and drilling.
C-Clamp
A C-shaped clamp with a threaded spindle for firm, adjustable clamping across a range of thicknesses.
Bar Clamp
A long parallel clamp on a bar used to clamp wide panels and casework for glue-ups.
Hex Wrench (Allen)
An L-shaped hexagonal bar that drives hex-socket screws, sold in sets by size.
Nut Driver
A screwdriver-handle tool with a socket tip for driving nuts and hex screws quickly.
Bench Plane
A flat-soled plane for squaring, flattening, and smoothing wood surfaces by hand.
Block Plane
A small, one-hand plane held at a low angle for end grain and trimming and detail work.
Card Scraper
A thin sheet of steel that burnishes a burr to shave fine curls, smoothing wood without sanding.
Try Square
A fixed 90-degree tool for checking and laying out right angles on wood.
Combination Square
An adjustable square with sliding head for marking 45 and 90 degrees, and measuring depth and center.
Marking Gauge
A tool with a pin that scribes parallel layout lines along the edge of wood.
Spokeshave
A two-handled, short-soled plane for shaping curved and contoured wood surfaces.
Flat File
A flat, tapered steel file with cutting teeth for smoothing and shaping metal by hand.
Round File
A cylindrical file for enlarging and shaping round holes and concave curves in metal.
Reamer
A fluted cutting tool that enlarges and finishes drilled holes to a tight, accurate size.
Center Punch
A pointed punch used to mark a starting dimple so a drill bit does not wander.
Pin Punch
A narrow, straight punch used to drive out pins and rivets. A tapered set punch starts them.
Hack Saw Blade
A fine-toothed blade mounted in a hack saw frame for cutting metal and plastic.
Tape Measure
A flexible metal tape with markings for measuring length, with a locking blade and end hook.
Spirit Level
A housing with bubble vials that verifies surfaces are level (horizontal), plumb (vertical), or at a set angle.
Calipers
A precision instrument that measures inside and outside dimensions to fine accuracy, in analog or digital.
Marking Knife
A knife with a sharp point or blade used to scribe precise layout lines on wood and material.
Protractor / Angle Gauge
A tool for measuring and laying out angles, from fixed squares to adjustable bevel gauges.
Bastard File
A coarse-cut file for rapid stock removal and shaping of metal, between a course and smooth cut.
Rasp
A coarse, aggressive file with individual teeth for rapidly shaping wood.
Whetstone
A flat sharpening stone used with water or oil to grind and hone a cutting edge to sharpness.
Diamond Lapping Plate
A flat plate bonded with industrial diamond for fast, accurate sharpening and trueing surfaces.
File Card
A stiff brush for cleaning metal filings and debris out of file teeth so they cut sharp again.
Honing Guide
A jig that clamps a blade at a fixed angle to sharpen it consistently on a stone.
Smooth File
A fine-cut file that removes little material and leaves a smooth, finished surface on metal.
Second Cut File
A medium-fine file, finer than a bastard cut and coarser than a smooth โ the finishing workhorse of the file family.
Half-Round File
A file flat on one side and rounded on the other, combining a flat file with a round file in one tool.
Square File
A four-sided file with sharp, square edges for filing slots, keyways, and square-cornered openings.
Striking Wrench
A heavy open-end wrench with a reinforced box end, built to be struck with a hammer to break loose seized fasteners.
Combination Ratcheting Wrench
A combination wrench whose box end has an internal ratchet, so it can turn a fastener without lifting and re-aiming.
12-Point Ring & Spud End Wrench
A heavy wrench with a 12-point ring end for turning nuts and a tapered spud end for aligning flange and piping holes.